Family words. A family tree for some of Anne and Ivan Sorokin’s relatives or relations. Ivan and Anne and their children. Ivan is Anne’s husband and Karen and Jack’s father. Anne is Ivan’s wife and Karen and Jack’s mother. Anne and Ivan are Karen and Jack’s parents. Karen is Anne and Ivan’s daughter. Jack is their son. Karen is Jack’s sister. Jack is Karen’s brother.

Henry and Diana. Henry is Karen and Jack’s grandfather. Diana is their grandmother. Henry and Diana are Karen and Jack’s grandparents. Karen is Henry and Diana’s granddaughter. Jack is their grandson. .

Amelia, George and Meena. George is Karen and Jack’s uncle. Amelia and Meena are Karen and Jack’s aunts. Karen is Amelia, George and Meena’s niece. Jack is their nephew. Kavita and Ravi are Karen and Jack’s cousins.

Expressions. Have you got any brothers and sisters? No, I am an only child. Do you come from a big family? Yes, I have three brothers and two sisters.

Birth. Anna had a baby yesterday. He was born at 1.15 yesterday morning. He weighed 3 kilograms. They are going to call him John - afer John, his grandfather. His grandfather’s birthday is June 16th too. but he was born in 1957! The baby’s parents were born in 1986. Common mistakes Anna had a baby [NOT Anna got a baby]. He/ She was born [NOT He/ She born or He/ She is born].

Marriage. If you do not have a partner, you are single. If you have a husband or wife, you are married. If your husband or wife dies, you are widowed. If your marriage breaks up, you are separated or divorced. Harry and Sarah got married. They got married in 2001. They went on their honeymoon to Italy. They were married for 15 years. The wedding. a marriage ceremony. bride. a woman who is about to get married or has just got married. groom. a man who is about to get married or just got married. Common mistakes Sarah got married to Harry [NOT with Harry].

Death. Then Harry became ill. He died last year. He died of a heart attack. The funeral Aceremony or service held shortly after a person's death, Common mistakes Harry is dead [NOT Harry is died or Harry is death].

A Head and face. hair. eye. nose. tooth / teeth. ear. lip. neck. mouth.

B Arm and leg. shoulder. nail. thumb. finger. hand. arm. leg. knee. foot / feet. toe.

C Rest of body. chest. side. stomach. back. waist. hip. We have skin covering our bodies. D Inside the body. heart. brain. blood. E Pronunciation problems. eye /aɪ/ knee /niː/ . stomach /ˈstʌmək/ heart /hɑːt /. blood /blʌd/ foot /fʊt/ tooth /tuːθ/.

F Singular and plurals. one foot - two feet. one tooth - two teeth. Hair is a singular word. My hair is very long - I must cut it soon. Common mistakes. Usually we use my, your, his, her, etc. with parts of the body. Katie is washing her hair [NOT Jane is washing the hair]. I have a pain in my leg [NOT I have a pain in the leg].

A Clothes. hat. coat. jacket. scarf. gloves. shoes. trainers. boots. suit. socks. skirt. tie. T-shirt. watch. shirt. dress. ring. belt. sweater / jumper .

B Plural words. These words are always plural in English. They need a plural verb. trousers jeans. shorts. tights. glasses. pyjamas. sunglasses. My suit is new but these trousers are old. Her jeans or shorts or tights are blue. You say: a pair of trousers or shorts or glasses, etc.

C Verbs. You wear clothes but you carry things. You wear glasses. Naomi is wearing a long blue coat. She’s carrying a suitcase and a handbag. You can also say: Naomi has (got) a blue coat on. You carry a bag and an umbrella. In the morning you get dressed or put your clothes on. At night you get undressed or you take your clothes off. Common mistakes. You put clothes on but you take clothes off.[NOT put clothes off]. Tip: When you get dressed in the morning. say to yourself Now I’m putting on my socks. Now I’m putting on my shoes and so on.

A Height and weight . Bettina Schwenke is a very tall woman. Tom Jakes is quite short. If you aren’t tall or short, you are of medium height. Agata Sanchez is really slim. I was very thin when I was in hospital. The doctor said I am overweight. Their cat is very fat. It needs to go on a diet.

B Face and head. Suri has dark skin and dark hair. She has brown eyes. Polly has blonde (or fair) hair and fair skin. She has blue eyes. Ben has a beard and long hair. He has green eyes. Luca has a moustache and short hair. You can also use has got, for example, Suri has got dark hair and dark skin. My mother is a very beautiful woman. My dad’s a very good-looking man. My sister is pretty. Bob’s an ugly man. I’m not ugly or beautiful, I’m just average-looking!. Common mistakes. People are tall [NOT People are high]. People have blonde or dark hair [NOT hairs].

C Age. My grandmother is 97. She’s very old. My sister is 14. She’s young, but would like to be older. My father is 56. My father is 56. He’s middle-aged, but would like to be younger! This hospital is for elderly people. (more polite than old) D Expressions. How tall is Bettina? She’s 1.85 metres tall. How tall is Tom? He’s 1.48 metres tall. How heavy are you? I weigh 62 kilos. How much do you weigh? I weigh 74 kilos. How old is he?. He’s 84. What does Gemma?. She’s tall and dark. What does your sister look like? She’s very pretty. Tip: Some of the words on this page are a little negative, so be careful how you use them. It’s better not to say to someone: ‘You are fat / thin / ugly / old.’

A How are you today? I’m very well, thanks. I’m fine, thanks. I don’t feel very well. I must go home and rest. (I’ll probably be OK tomorrow) I feel ill. Can you get a doctor, please? (Perhaps it’s a serious problem.) That fish was bad. I think I’m going to be sick! (I want to vomit.)

B Everyday problems. Have you got an aspirin? I’ve got a headache. I’ve got toothache. I need to go to the dentist. I’m going to bed with a hot drink. I’ve got a cold. C Problems people have for many years or all their lives. I get hay fever every summer, from flowers and grass. I sneeze all day. My little brother has asthma; sometimes he can’t breathe.

D Illnesses in hot or tropical countries. mosquito. In some countries, mosquitoes can give people malaria. The drinking water was bad, and many children had cholera. E Serious illnesses. Every year cancer kills many people who smoke. My father went to hospital when he had a heart attack. F Expressions. Do you have a healthy diet? Yes, I eat lots of fruit and vegetables. Do you exercise? Yes, I like swimming, jogging and cycling. They’re really good for you. I feel stressed! Do you? You need to relax more and don’t panic about work! Common mistakes: My father had a heart attack [NOT got a heart attack].

A Love, like and hate love, like, don’t like, hate. I love my family and my best friend. I like my job. I don’t like horror films. I hate spiders. B Happy, sad and tired. happy, sad, angry, upset, cold, hot. thirsty hungry, well, ill, tired, surprised. Common mistakes: I am very happy about your news [NOT I am very happy for your news]. BUT You did very well in your exam – I’m very happy for you.

C Prefer, hope and want I prefer coffee to tea. (= I like coffee more than I like tea.) I hope to do well in my exam. I hope (that) my friend does well in his exam. I want a new car. I want to buy a new car. I want my mother to buy a new car. Common mistakes: I want you to help me [NOT I want that you help me].

D Expressions Do you like football? Yes, I really like football / Yes, I really like it. No, I don’t like football very much / No, I don’t like it very much. How’s your grandfather? He’s very well, thanks. And how about your grandmother? She’s a bit tired / She’s a little tired. Common mistakes: [NOT I very like football / I very like it. or I like very much football / I like very much it.]

A Every day. good morning, good afternoon, good evening. Hello, Hi,How are you? Fine, thanks, And you? Not too bad, thanks. When we leave someone we usually say Goodbye and also perhaps See you soon! See you soon is quite informal. When someone goes to bed, we usually say Goodnight. We sometimes also say Sleep well. Don’t say Goodnight when you arrive somewhere, only when you leave. If you ask for something you usually say Please. If someone does something nice for you, you say Thank you or Cheers. Cheers!, Excuse me!, Sorry!, Bless, you!

A Special days. When it’s someone’s birthday you say Happy Birthday! When it’s Christmas you say Happy or Merry Christmas!. When it’s New Year’s Day you say Happy New Year! When is doing something difficult, for example taking an exam or having an interview for a job you say Good luck! When someone has done something special, for example done well in an exam or had a baby you say Congratulations! or Well done! Common mistakes: When it’s someone’s birthday we say: Happy Birthday [NOT Congratulations].

A Words word: actually. example: People say bad things about her, but she’s actually very nice. meaning: in reality. : really : The book is really good. : very : else : Do you want to buy anything else? Or go somewhere else? : in addition or different. : around : I’ll meet you at around 6 o’clock : about or approximately anyway : I’ll drive you home. I’m going that way anyway : to give a reason for doing something. : Anyway, as I said, I woke up very late today : to return to an earlier subject. Common mistakes: Actually is a false friend in some languages - in English it means ‘in reality’ NOT ‘now’.

A Expressions. "Why don’t" (used to make a suggestion). example: You look hungry, why don’t you eat something?. "Let’s" is a contraction of ‘let us’, and it’s used to suggest doing something with someone else. example: The car won’t start, let’s call the mechanic. "I don’t mind" [It’s all the same to me] "It’s up to you" [You can decide] ‘How about / what about’ : We can use ‘How about’ or ‘what about’, with the –ing form of the verb. example: How about playing golf? example: What about writing a book?. Common mistakes: Why don’t we go … [NOT Why don’t we going] or Let’s go … [NOT Let’s going]. How about going … [NOT How about go] or What about going … [NOT What about go]. "I don’t mind" [It’s all the same to me] "It’s up to you" [You can decide]. "Oh dear!" (used when you are surprised or disappointed). "it doesn’t matter" [it’s not important]. example: it doesn’t matter I don’t need it. "What a pity!" (used when you are disappointed). "Hurry up!" The taxi’s here [be quick]. "Look out!" There’s a car coming [Be careful!]. "Absolutely!" (used when you agree strongly). example: All this is absolutely true. "I agree" Let’s go shopping this afternoon. Common mistakes: I agree or I don’t agree [NOT I am agree or I’m not agree].

A Everyday food Would you like some bread? I love sushi because I love rice. Pasta is good for you, but don’t eat too much! I always put salt on my chips, but not pepper. My sister never eats meat or fish. She’s vegetarian. Do you take sugar in tea or coffee? B Fast food I eat hamburgers, hot dogs and pizzas when I don’t have much time. Fish and chips is popular in Britain, Australia and New Zealand. Common mistakes: Can I have some bread? [NOT Can I have a bread?].

C Fruit and vegetables. Vegetables are good for you. Fruit is also good for you. Vegetables: carrots, beans, potatoes, tomatoes, peas, onions, garlic, mushrooms. Fruit: orange, apple, banana, pear, grapes,strawberries,pineapple. D Drinks: tea, coffee, milk, fruit juice. Common mistakes: I love fruit [NOT I love fruits]. Tip: Go to a supermarket. How many different kinds of food or drink have English names on them? Try to learn some of them.

A What’s in the kitchen?. fridge, freezer, tap, microwave,cupboard, shelf, worktop,bin, washing machine, sink, cooker, dishwasher. B Things we use in the kitchen. washing-up liquid,tea towel, saucepan, teapot, coffee maker ,kitchen roll,frying pan, cloth.

C Things we use for eating and drinking cup, bowl, fork, knif, chopsticks, spoon, glass, plate, mug. D Expressions Where can I find a mug or a cloth or some kitchen roll? They are in the cupboard. Can I help with the washing-up or cooking? Yes, please! You can dry the plates. or You can cook some rice. Where does this cup or plate or frying pan go? Put it in this cupboard, please. Tip: Stick labels on objects in your kitchen with their English names on them. You will see these every day and this will help you to learn the words.

A Bedroom: bed, bedside lamp, alarm clock, pyjamas, dressing table,chest of drawers, mirror, wardrobe, bedside table, comb,hairbrush. B Bathroom: soap, toothpaste, toothbrush, shelf, basin, shower, shampoo, shower gel, razor, toilet, towel.

C Emma’s routine. Emma goes to bed at 11 o’clock. She goes upstairs to her bedroom. She gets undressed and gets into bed. She reads for a bit. She turns off the light and falls asleep. She wakes up when her alarm clock rings. She gets up. She has a shower, cleans her teeth and gets dressed. She goes downstairs to the kitchen for breakfast.

A Things in the living room books, bookshelf or bookshelves, light switch, light, picture, lamp, window, curtains, TV, hi-fi , sofa, armchair, phone, coffee table, remote control, socket, rug,carpet,table, chair. B Useful verbs Every evening I watch television. Sometimes I listen to the radio or listen to music. Sometimes I read a book. Sometimes I just relax [rest and do nothing].

C Expressions It’s getting dark. Can you close the curtains, please? OK. And I’ll switch the light on. Thanks. Now can you turn the radio off? And pass me the remote control. I want to turn on the TV. There’s a good programme on. Common mistakes: The furniture in my room is white [NOT The furniture in my room are white].

A What’s his or her job? doctor, teacher, nurse, mechanic, secretary, shop assistant, hairdresser, engineer, farmer. B Jobs in the town police officer, traffic warden, librarian, bank clerk. C Expressions What’s your job? I’m a waiter I work in a restaurant. What do you do? I’m a taxi driver. Is it an interesting job? Yes, I like it. Where do you work? I work in an office. Sometimes it’s boring. My dad works in a factory which makes car parts. I worked in a shop at the weekends when I was a student. I want to work in a beauty salon as a hairdresser. I’d like to work in a children’s hospital. I’m a writer. I work at or from home.

A Subjects English, maths, art, history, geography, biology, ICT (information communication technology), PE (physical education), chemistry, modern languages, physics, music. B Useful things. board, noticeboard, piece of paper, pencil, textbook, notebook, rubber, board rubber, drawing pin,board pen, OHP (overhead projector), pen, pencil sharpener, desk, whiteboard, computer, DVD player, ruler. C Expressions. A maths teacher teaches maths. Her students study maths. Children go to school and students go to university. At school children learn to read and write. Students can do an (English) course in many schools and universities. At the end of a course, you often take or do an exam. You hope to pass your exams. You don’t want to fail your exams. If you pass your final exams at university, you get a degree. Common mistakes: After school, students do homework [NOT make homework or do homeworks].

A Letters address, stamp, letter, date, envelope, letter box. Don’t forget to put a stamp on the envelope. Don’t forget to post the letters. B Email and Internet computer, screen, keyboard, mouse, laptop, memory stick. Olivia gets a lot of emails from New York. You have to be careful what information you give people online. What’s your email address? Moll@cup.com C Telephones and mobile devices. mobile device, mobile, telephone, phone box. Juan makes a lot of phone calls. I always take my smartphone with me. I never turn it off. What’s your phone number? What’s your mobile number? oh double six five three oh seven one eight. He’s not answering his phone. I’ll leave a voicemail and I’ll text him or send him a text (message). D Expressions. Hello. Hello. It’s Nick here. Can I speak to Ahmed, please? I’m sorry, he’s not here at the moment. Can I take a message? Thanks. Could you just tell him I called. I’ll call back later. OK. OK. I’ll tell him Goodbye. Bye. Tip: Use a search engine to find an example of a letter and an email in English. Write down any useful words or phrases in them.

A Parts of a phone camera, screen, apps, power button, phone case, battery, charger, SIM card. B Using a smartphone. Ramesh takes a lot of selfies and posts them online. Lisa didn’t answer her phone, so I left a voicemail. Can you text me the address of the restaurant? I haven’t been there before. I’ve just got a message from Andy. He wants to know if we’re going to the party. You can download an app with a dictionary to help you when you write in English. While she was on holiday, Kelly called her family every day. C Expressions Can you read that message on my phone, please? My hands are wet. It’s locked. What’s the PIN? You don’t need a PIN to unlock it. Just swipe the screen left to right. swipe, save, PIN, delete. I can’t save any new photos. Your phone memory is full. You need to delete some photos and messages.

A Holiday (noun) We had a lovely holiday in Egypt in 2014. I’m not working next week. I’m on holiday. Are you going on holiday this summer? B Types of holidays We’re going on a package holiday to Hong Kong. [flights and hotel are included] We’re going to have a winter holiday this year. I want to go camping this year. [sleep in a tent]. I’m going on a walking holiday in the Alps. A coach tour is an easy way to go on holiday. [travelling in a comfortable bus] C Transport by plane, by train, by car, by ferry, by coach.

D Don’t forget to take … your passport (if you are going to another country) a visa [a stamp that you need in your passport to go to some countries] your tickets, some currency [money of the country you are going to] a camera, your luggage (for exemple a suitcase or a rucksack) passport, ticket, currency, camera, suitcase, rucksack. E Expressions. Are you flying to France from England? No, we’re going by ferry. What are you going to do in Madrid? We want to try the local food and enjoy the nightlife. Have a great time! And send me a postcard!

A Kinds of shops butcher*, post offic, supermarket, bookshop, baker*, department store, chemist*, newsagent*, gift shop. * These words are also for people’s jobs. We often add ’s and say: I’m going to the newsagent’s to get a paper. Do you want anything from the butcher’s? B In the department store A department store is a large shop which sells a lot of different things - clothes, beauty products,toys, etc. Fourth floor: Toys,Restaurant. Third floor: Furniture. Second floor: Men’s Wear,Children’s Department. First floor: Women’s Wear. Ground Floor: Beauty. Basement: Electricals,Food.

C Signs in shops. open, closed, cash desk: please pay here, push, pull. D Expressions. Can I help you? Can I try this shirt on?. Have you got a bigger or smaller size or a different colour?. No, I’m sorry. That’s the only one. OK. I’ll take it. How much does it cost? £22. Can I pay by cheque? No, credit card, debit card or cash, please. Sorry, I only have a £50 note. I don’t have any change. That’s OK. Here’s your receipt. Would you like a (carrier) bag? Shop assistant : someone who serves customers in a shop. Customer : a person who buys goods or a service.

A Buying something SHOP BY PRODUCT:T-shirts and tops, Jumpers, Trousers and jeans, Shoes and boots, Jackets and coats. Read the reviews, Search products. Cotton T-shirt: Colour: White or Blue or Red. Size: Small or Medium or Large. Price: £6.99 Delivery options: Free Delivery (3-5 days) . Next Day Delivery (delivery on 16 November) £5. Add to basket.

B Your order. Delete this item. Your Order. Order Number: 5624890 Items: 2 T-shirts Size: Small Colour: White Total: £13.98, Free delivery (3-5 days) Delivery Address Name : Bernard Taylor House number : 145 Street : Shaftesbury Road City : Cambridge Post code : CB2 8RU Country : UK Phone number : 01223 238331 Email : btaylor@inuse.com C Expressions 1 Lisa likes to shop online because it’s quick and easy. 2 Most people pay for their online shopping with credit cards. 3 Reading online reviews can help you choose what to buy. 4 If you are not at home to receive the delivery, we will take it to the post office.